Chusan palm

Trachycarpus fortunei

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Profile

Plant group
Evergreen fan palm
Growth & habit
One upright trunk with a terminal fan crown, rather than a branching tree canopy.
Foliage
Pleated, deeply divided fan leaves; brown trunk fibres come from old leaf sheaths.
Family
Palm family (Arecaceae)
Origin
Northern Myanmar to south-central China
Height
3–12 m
Bloom
May–June, yellow panicles
Toxicity
Non-toxic

Care calendar

Leaf emergence

  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. AprIndicative season
  5. MayIndicative season
  6. JunIndicative season
  7. JulIndicative season
  8. AugIndicative season
  9. SepIndicative season
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec

New fans open mainly in warm weather; mild conditions may extend this period.

Flowering / flower development

  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. MayIndicative season
  6. JunIndicative season
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec

Yellowish flower clusters on mature plants; timing varies with site and weather.

Leaf fall

Evergreen; older outer fronds die gradually.

Pruning & growth habit

  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. AprIndicative season
  5. MayIndicative season
  6. JunIndicative season
  7. JulIndicative season
  8. AugIndicative season
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec

Remove only fully dead fronds in mild weather; never prune the crown.

Guidance for Germany and Central Europe. Position, weather, species and cultivar shift these windows; indoor and container plants also depend on their winter conditions.

Seasonal care intensity

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Seasonal guidance for Germany. Needs depend on location, weather and species. Check moisture in winter too; these markers are not a feeding schedule.

Peak care Active Reduced care

Care tips

  • Relatively cold-tolerant for a palm, but hardiness depends on site, age and growing conditions; no single minimum temperature is guaranteed.
  • Protect from cold wind and severe frost; give container plants extra winter protection.
  • Use free-draining growing medium, water as needed and feed during growth according to the product label.

Fruit & harvest

Fruit and seed formation

Pollinated female flower clusters can develop dark blue-black stone fruits, each containing one seed. A flowering specimen therefore does not automatically produce fruit.

Harvest and use

Windmill palms are grown here as ornamentals, not fruit crops. Mature seeds may be used for propagation; fruit set and ripening depend on pollination, warmth and site.

Plant knowledge at a glance

Position, benefits & character

Position & soil

Sun to light shade, sheltered from cold wind; free-draining, moderately moist soil.

Distinctive features

The single growing point is in the crown. Removing it prevents that trunk from regrowing like a broadleaf tree.

Benefits

Year-round structure as a specimen or small group; trunk fibres have traditional craft uses.

Partners & symbioses

No specific companion plant is required for garden or container culture; root and winter protection remain essential.

Pruning & growth habit

One upright trunk with a terminal fan crown, rather than a branching tree canopy.

  1. 1. Protect the palm heart

    Leave the central spear and all green fronds intact.

  2. 2. Remove brown fronds

    Cut fully brown fronds through the leaf stalk, clear of the trunk.

  3. 3. Keep the natural crown

    Do not shape a ball or shorten the trunk; pruning cannot safely limit its height.

Nursery forms

This overview explains nursery supply forms. It does not indicate current availability in the GREEN24 shop.

Container-grown

Common form

Palm in a pot or large container.

Young plant

Common form

Seedling or young palm.

Root-balled

Ask a specialist nursery

Large specimen with a prepared root ball; specialist planting needed.

Bare-root

Not typical for this profile

Not a suitable standard nursery form for this single-trunk palm.

Shrub

Not typical for this profile

Not a suitable standard nursery form for this single-trunk palm.

Feathered tree

Not typical for this profile

Not a suitable standard nursery form for this single-trunk palm.

Half-standard

Not typical for this profile

Not a suitable standard nursery form for this single-trunk palm.

Standard

Not typical for this profile

Not a suitable standard nursery form for this single-trunk palm.

Topiary

Not typical for this profile

Not a suitable standard nursery form for this single-trunk palm.

Propagation & grafting

Propagation

Sow ripe seeds. Seed production normally requires male and female plants.

Grafting

Grafting is not usual; most new plants are grown from seed.

Species & cultivars

Trachycarpus fortunei 'Wagnerianus'

Smaller, stiffer fans; also sold under the name T. wagnerianus.

Trachycarpus fortunei 'Hayes Stiffie'

Named horticultural selection; check the exact cultivar identity when buying.

Pests & diseases

These signs support an initial assessment. Different causes may look alike; choose a treatment only after identifying the problem.

Scale insects

Check stalks and undersides for scales and sticky deposits.

Root rot

Persistently wet soil weakens roots; check drainage.

Frost and wind

Check site exposure when fans split or suffer cold damage; do not immediately add fertiliser.

Hardiness · USDA

Assess young plants and exposed crowns separately.

Trachycarpus fortunei
USDA 7a–11b

USDA zones describe long-term average winter extremes. Containers, young plants, wet soil, wind and late frost need separate consideration.

Understand USDA zones and maps →

A closer look

Windmill palm fan leaf
Leaf

Windmill palm fan leaf

A fan-shaped Trachycarpus fortunei leaf with radiating, folded segments.

Vera Buhl · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Image source
Windmill palm fruit cluster
Fruit

Windmill palm fruit cluster

Dark ripe Trachycarpus fortunei fruits on a branched fruit cluster.

Abrahami · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Image source

Botanical features vary with age, species and cultivar.

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